Why All the Details? II
Another reason for the Torah's careful
delineation of Avraham's fulfillment of the mitzvah of hospitality
is to teach the concept of "The actions of the fathers are
a sign for the children." Everything that Avraham did to
serve his guests was taken into account by G-d, so that He could
reward the Jewish people at a later date - during their
trek through the desert. Thus, because Avraham gave his guests
water, the Jewish people would be given a well. Because Avraham
gave them bread, his descendants would be given manna. And because
Avraham served his guests meat, G-d would repay Bnei Yisrael with
Slav (meat).
We see the same idea with reference
to "Akeidas Yitzchak" later in the parasha. We are told
that Avraham "split the wood for the offering." G-d
would later reward Avraham for this by splitting the sea for the
Jewish people. Were it not for this act by Avraham, perhaps this
miracle would not have occurred. Indeed, the midrash informs us
that upon being commanded by G-d to split, the sea "argued",
claiming that the Jewish people had themselves fallen prey to
idolatry and were no more deserving of salvation than their Egyptian
counterparts. It did not realize that it was being told to split
in the merit of Avraham. Indeed, what seemed an insignificant
act many years earlier, greatly impacted the course of Jewish
history.
Once it is understood that Avraham's
actions in these two instances is to teach the concept of "The
actions of the fathers are a signpost for the children",
one can still ask why such is the case with these two events in
particular. Were there not numerous other events in the life of
Avraham which could have served the same purpose?
Whether it is in this world or the
next, it is well known that one is always rewarded for any mitzvah
that he performs. It is not as well known, however, that such
may be the case even when does not succeed in his efforts to perform
a mitzvah.
These two incidents represent situations
where Avraham was actually unsuccessful in fulfilling G-d command.
Avraham thought he was serving guests, but in truth, since the
guests were angels who had no need for food or drink (see Rashi),
there was in fact no mitzvah to serve them. Avraham attempted
to offer his son Yitzchak as a sacrifice, but at the last moment,
G-d stopped him from doing so. Yet so great is the chesed of G-d
that this ultimately does not matter. He considered Avraham's
efforts alone, rather than their outcome, to be great enough that
he would still reward Bnei Yisrael on his behalf upon their exodus
from Egypt.